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we generally use 1d mesh for modal analysis , why and how does it work?
Selection of element type depends on many factor.We suggest you to refer free eBook available on Altair University.Refer chapter 7,8,9 and 10 for meshing/Type of element.
https://altairuniversity.com/free-ebooks-2/free-ebook-practical-aspects-of-finite-element-simulation-a-study-guide/
1D simulation is very simple and will be used only in simple structure, for fast results.
For real structure, often complexe, 1D meshing CAN NOT show correctly the mechanical behavior of structure.